Saturday, October 2, 2010

Drinking Water - What's Best For My Body

How to Drink More Water


Release : 2 October 2010
Field   : Healthy Lifestyle
Focus   : Expert Advice
Status  : First Revision

We are supposed to drink 8 glasses of water each day, right?  But most of us drink one or two glasses of tap water and the rest we supplement with tea, coffee and fruit juices.  Our health is suffering and there are easy steps to beat the trend.  Read on to find out more.

The Problem
If you ask a hundred people from different locations and backgrounds why they don't drink 8 glasses of water a day you will get about a hundred different reasons: "I drink 6 cups of coffee", "I prefer fruit juice", "I'd rather something with taste", etc.

The real reason is that our bodies have a negative reaction to the water we're drinking.

Tap water and most bottled water has high concentrations of dissolved solids, or salts, that react with our tastebuds and send a subtle message to our brain that we should limit the amount we consume.

Our bodies wants pure, clean water.

It may sound far fetched to some people however the chemicals and other things in town water are the underlying reason we don't drink much of it.

The Solution
The short answer is drink pure water!

That isn't as helpful or as simple as it sounds because you can't tell by looking at a glass of water if it's pure or not.

Firstly, without proper filtration, town or city water contains salts, chemicals like chlorine and potentially other harmful substances.  Second, bottled water comes in as many different varieties and not all are particularly good for you or the environment.

Like any fad diet, many people latch on to brand of bottled water because:
it's fashionable
celebrities are drinking it
it has a cool tv commercial
an authority figure recommended it
it is reputed to have healing powers

Before you decide the answer is bottled water you may like to watch the following video.

While I agree there's a huge problem with the bottled water process and the video conveniently overlooks a number of problems with tap water, rather than hit you upside the head with a barrage of sales speak here's a good place to start by increasing your consumer awareness.



 So at least for the long term bottled water is not the answer.

Another interesting point raised in the video is that both Pepsi and Coke bottle filtered tap water.  The fact is that tap water is basically good, certainly in most first world countries.

Rather than glamorise a particular mineral water spring, the best water for your body is pure water.  The best way to get pure water in the city is in the short term purchase ultra filtered water or buy a decent water filter.

Bottled Water
Selecting the right bottled water can be a challenge but here's a couple of simple guidelines:

Firstly, the less stuff in water the better it is for you.  Most water bottles have a label showing a typical analysis of the water.



Bottled Water Nutrition Label
Here's a completely useless water bottle label:




If you find a bottle with this label, don't buy it on principle that they are attempting to completely deceive you, the consumer.

It provides no useful information and is simply a statement that water contains no fat, calories, carbohydrates or protein. This is not news and is a short term marketing tactic that has attracted the attention of lobbyists and other activists.

We need better information.  At least the following label has some information that tells us something useful:



The numbers in the label on the left represent mg/L or parts per million.  This is a label from an Evian bottle.

I personally would not buy this water because I can see it is full of minerals that my liver has to actively remove to make use of the water!

Besides that, the only advantage this water has over tap water is that is has a lower level of Chlorides.  Otherwise it is virtually identical to 90% of 1st world countries tap water!

To be fair, according to the Evian website:

  • Sodium is good for liver
  • Calcium strengthens bones
  • Magnesium is necessary for nerve system
  • Bicarbonates stimulate peptic
What the website fails to mention is how our bodies are supposed to get the minerals advertised as good ingredients in the water.  Rather than embark on a scare campaign I would point out that in the grand scheme of things the contents of the above mentioned water - as long as they closely match the label - aren't too bad.


To clear up a few things
Sodium is salt.  Plain table salt known as Sodium chloride or the chemical shorthand, NaCl.  We get plenty in a typical Western diet and we don't need extra in our water.  Happy to say 6.5mg/L is quite low.

Calcium is used by our bodies to make and repair bones but we need it in conjunction with Vitamin D to be able to use it.  We don't need it in our water although it is relatively harmless.

Magnesium and Calcium contribute to water hardness.  Less is better.

Sulfates are bad, full stop!  We are carbon-oxygen machines and sulfur is poison.  Low levels our bodies can tolerate like air pollution in the city.

Nitrates again are poisons.  A level of 0 is beneficial to our body.  While they occur in nature and we can tolerate a level of them, ideally water should have zero, zip, zilch.  Water, the universal solvent, is what flushes these toxins out of our bodies.  The less contaminants in the water to begin with the better the water can do its job to keep our bodies health.

Bicarbonates are used for cooking, right?  A rising agent in bread and so forth?  Well, this 'ingredient' in Evian's water is the result of the 15 year long journey their water takes through some French Alp underground aquifer... or something...

Not a harmful substance in itself although through years of consumption this contributes to kidney stones.  It's basically dissolved limestone.

Right.

Want a good metric?  If the total 'ingredients' add up to less than 100 then the water is pretty good.  General tap water is typically 200 to 300 ppm, the combined level of all contaminants.

If I have to buy bottled water I go for ultra filtered water like the Coke and Pepsi brands.  On the Australian market we are fortunate to be able to purchase Nobles' ultra filtered water in a cask.  It's a better packaging solution and more affordable too.

Just bear in mind the marketing machine.  Doesn't it strike you as odd that filtered water from Coke costs more than a bottle of coke?  Their filtered water is the same they use in coke, just before they add all those special ingredients and a huge dose of sugar.  So why does it cost so much?  Hmm...  There is a better way.


The Right Water Filter
If you want a simple answer as to what the right water filter is then buy an RO filter system.  The long answer is that you should really inform yourself as to what water filtration is all about.  I have prepared a series of articles to make the process easy but here is a superficial treatment of the subject:

Filter jugs normally have a carbon filter.  This generally improves the taste by removing chlorine.  These are only half measures towards real water filtration.  They are also costly when you consider that most jug filters are ineffective after only a month of use.

Ceramic filters and fancy benchtop jug systems work more or less by removing some of the contaminants of the water.  They mostly look good but do little to improve water quality.


Single and twin undersink and benchtop filters are the real entry point towards real water filtration.  They use filter cartridges in a plastic housing to filter the water.


In general the first cartridge is a coarse filter designed to remove sediment and heavier particles from the water.  The second filter is a carbon filter designed to remove chlorine and some other contaminants like pesticides.


Reverse osmosis, or RO, systems pre-clean the water using a series of cartridge filters like the twin undersink and then forces the water through an ultra-fine membrane, usually made from latex, that gives the finest filtration possible.


It is generally inadvisable to drink distilled water although a good distillation system can remove almost every contaminant from the water.


Water conditioners come in a range of types from ion exchange to soften the water - which is good for showering and laundry water - to magnetic or electronic ionisation devices.  A water sweetener for example uses a strong magnetic field to align the precession of the water molecules passing through the filter.  Arguably the water tastes sweeter however this is generally a subtle improvement.


After a month or so of drinking and cooking with reverse osmosis water - the same process Coke and Pepsi use to filter their water prior to use in their sugar drink products - your tastebuds will actually be able to tell the differences in different waters.  This is also the point that an additional water condition can be added to the system for optimum performance.


I'm an advocate for RO water and I make no bones about it.


The list of advantages are long and even after wading through the plethora of sales information available the real difference to your health and vitality from making a simple lifestyle choice is huge.


As I add more articles to explore the details of water and water filtration I will update the relevant links.


To your health and longevity drink pure water.
Enjoy







Before we go on though, let's have a quick look at why our water is the way it is.

Why Our Water Is The Way It Is

Friday, October 1, 2010

Paint like Pro - Repaint a Room - Part III

Painting An Interior Room
Release : 30 September 2010
Field   : Home Handyman
Focus   : Preparatory Painting Tips



8. Masking Tape
An all important ingredient in painting clean, straight edges, all too often overlooked by the unsuspecting amateur, is masking tape. The rule? Don't be a cheapskate!

There are many types of masking tape available but only two you need to be aware of: common garden variety masking tape and painting tape.

Like crepè paper, general purpose masking tape will allow paint to soak through quickly and completely defeat the purpose of masking an edge in the first place.

Painter's masking tape, is a little more expensive, however it is of higher quality, tends to pull off the roll in a straighter line and will resist 'print-through'.

Basic painter's masking tape has the drawback that it must be removed shortly after painting. If a second coat is required it is still best to remove the masking tape, allow the paint to dry, and re-mask before the next coat.

More expensive painter's tape can be left for up to 48 hours and some specialised tape will hold for up to two weeks without damaging the surface underneath.

I often mask around the area to be painted, paint and allow 1/2 an hour to an 1 hour to dry. I then apply what is called a 'wet-coat' - repainting before the first coat is thoroughly dry.

Practically this means finishing the first coat and returning to the start of the painting job. If you have never attempted this technique I would strongly recommend attempting a smaller area like a single wall first.

As long as the masking tape is removed in less than about 4 hours the results are generally good.

As a side note, even when undertaking professional painting jobs I almost exclusively use basic painter's tape. There are rare cases that tricky masking of curves and shapes calls for the best quality masking tape I can buy so that I only need to mask once, but they are few and far between.

Know that just because you can spend a fortune on good masking tape it is not usually required.

9. A second pair of eyes
If in doubt, get a second opinion. If your second opinion wavers, get a third. If your third opinion fails to settle the argument, hire a professional!

It is always a good idea to have someone close by to cast an eye over your work and give a second opinion. I have found through years of experience that it requires a strict discipline to look over a paint job like it's the first time I've seen it and spot areas that need attention.

When you're the mug holding the brush you need to periodically step back from the wall you're painting and see the bigger picture.

It is easy to miss areas that are thin or even completely unpainted when you are working so close to your canvass. Bad lighting, painting light colours or very dark colours, being tired or simply fatigued from doing the job are all factors that cause our eyes to overlook things.

It is easier to re-roll an area before it dries rather than find the problem later.

The easy solution is get someone to look closely over the job you've done and find the spots that need attention.

The real problem in painting a wall is not that you haven't covered the wall with colour but that you have wet the entire surface of the wall.

Stippled or textured wall, wallpapered, rendered or porous brick is notorious for looking painted.

When the paint dries, surface that was not wet by the first coat will probably be missed by the second and subsequent coats but will be easily noticeable from a distance to the naked eye.

This can be really frustrating.

Now that you know what you're looking for, have someone with a little patience look over the painted area again.

10. Time
You need time.

Preparation of materials, shopping, getting the right colour and masking a neat edge. Time to paint and time to clean up. Time is a key ingredient.

Aside from the fact that you can pay someone else for their time to do the job, time is a major factor to do a good painting job.

Make sure you have more than enough time to get the job done without rushing.

Afterall, the time you spend enjoying the fruits of your labour should not be spent focusing on the bit you should have done better, could have done at the time or would have done if you'd noticed back then.

Do it right, first time. Follow the tips outlined above and may your next paint job be simple rewarding.



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Paint like Pro - Repaint a Room - Part II

Painting An Interior Room
Release : 30 September 2010
Field   : Home Handyman
Focus   : Preparatory Painting Tips

4. Fillers and Cleaners
Getting paint to stick requires a clean surface.  Sugar Soap is the best cleaning agent prior to painting.  This is especially important in rooms where a greasy film has built up over time, like the kitchen or a smoking room.

The other opportunity repainting a wall offers is to fill and patch any old holes where pictures were once hung or where chips have flaked off the wall.

Fine filler can be used to fill shallow surface dents and a heavy filler or deep-crack filler can be used to fill holes from rowel plugs, nails or damaged areas like where a door handle has banged into the wall behind it.

While there are a plethitude of specialised fillers, often the most basic and cheap work well prior to painting.

One of the best multipurpose fillers is bought as a powder that you add water to. It really is not hard to mix a thick paste in a small container and apply it to the wall with a spatula.

Ready made fillers in a tube are handy but tend to be ten times the cost for little added benefit.

One exception to using cheap fillers is where fine cracks and chips need to be filled. A fine epoxy based filler will hold fast in even the smallest crack and can be easily sanded smooth once dry.

For a weekend project, Saturday should be used to clear out the room, fill the holes and wash down the walls. This allows overnight drying for a fresh start come Sunday.

5. Drop Sheets
Naturally cotton or canvas drop sheets are the most long lasting but if you're not likely to need them again once the job is done then newspaper or plastic drop sheets are the way to go.

Newspaper can be really frustrating to use as a drop sheet unless you stick the sheets together with small tabs of masking tape.

Plastic drop sheets can be either very thin, single use items or made from thicker more durable plastic.  The difference is much like that between cheap rubbish bags and the super tough heavy duty Glad (tm) bags.  You get what you pay for.

Thin drop sheets go for under a couple of bucks and heavier plastic sheets are closer to the ten dollar mark. The thicker sheets are easier to work with, don't tear as easily and are easier to work with.

I'd recommend the thinner sheets to cover furniture that is going to stay in the room your painting and a thicker sheet to put under foot to catch the drips.

TIP: Stick newspaper sheets together with small tabs of masking to use as a drop sheet.

TIP: For carpeted areas always use a thick plastic drop sheet, old rug or blanket.

6. Stirrers
All paint should be stirred prior to painting, especially paint you've just had tinted and shaken by the machine.  Over time all paint will settle and you need to stir the lumps out and make sure it is all a nice smooth consistency.

A flat wooden paddle is generally the best paint stirrer.  One of the best stirrers I've ever found is a wooden fork.

You know the kind you can get from the discount store that goes with a wooden spoon and a wooden egg-flip? Well, these cheap and nasty kitchen utensils make great paint stirrers.

TIP: Don't use a stick from the garden to stir your paint.

7. Bucket and Cleaning Cloths
Preventative action is best but it is inevitable you will have to clean up a few spills and splashes here and there.

You should have a bucket and a few cleaning clothes on hand when you painting.

Cotton cloth is great for a streak free finish on glass but for mopping up paint an open weave cloth is usually best.

My first choice are Chux Super wipes because they're disposable, have an open weave and as well as mopping up paint splashes also stand up to a bit of elbow grease; they don't fall apart the first time you wring them out.

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Paint like Pro - Repaint a Room - Part I

Painting An Interior Room
Release : 30 September 2010
Field   : Home Handyman
Focus   : Preparatory Painting Tips


A change is as good as a holiday and a fresh lick of paint is one of the most rewarding ways to give a new lease of life to your living space. Sprucing up the bedroom or lounge room is a job you can easily knock over in a weekend by getting a few things right from the start.


Here are 10 Top Tips to make the job straightforward and hassle free.

1. Paint
It's a no-brainer that if you're going to repaint a room you'll need paint.  But what type of paint to use?  

    FINISH
Matt and semi-gloss finishes are most commonly used for painting interior walls.  Semi-gloss will appear somewhat brighter and shinier than matt which is great for a hallway or the kitchen but perhaps not what you want in the bedroom.

    QUANTITY
Be aware that painting is all about technique.  As a DIY'er your finesse with the roller is probably not as deft as a pro so you will tend to use more paint per square metre.  

As a guide, calculate the amount of paint you need based on the minimum area the paint is supposed to cover.. then double it and add a bit for safety!  You need two coats.  Even some 'single-coat' paints will need two coats if your technique isn't perfect, besides single-coat paint is also a lot more expensive.

    TINTING
If you need to buy more than a single tin of pre-tinted paint to finish your job then buy them at the same time because the tins on the shelf are likely from the same batch and therefore the closest colour match.

If you have a custom colour tinted, write the colour code on the lid.

It happens often enough when painting that the dribbles down the side of the tin will cover the colour code label from the paint store.

About 5 minutes after you've finished the job you'll forget the colour was called Fuchsia Marmalade or some other wild colour and that can make it a challenge in 6 months time when you want to paint the sunroom the same colour!

2. Brushes
One quality brush is worth 20 cheap brushes from the bargain bin.  Especially if you're an amateur painter, buy the most expensive brush you can afford.

Here's the idea: 
You need a brush to 'cut-in' the edges.  It should be up to 50mm or 2 inches wide. If your hand is small then you might prefer a 30mm or 1 1/4 inch brush. Some people, particularly in Europe, prefer an angled brush to do the cutting-in but I find a straight brush easier to control.

    COSTS
At my local hardware superstore I can buy the cheapie brush for about a dollar. A basic model is about $4.00 and the semi-pro models start around $11.00.

One brush, well cared for, painting smooth walls, will last for years so the brush for 14 bucks is the right one to get!  Oh, wait, there's a beauty for nearly 40 bucks but, er, that's meant for the pro who buys it just because he can!

Stay away from cheap natural bristle brushes.  Nylon or other synthetics are best.  The rule of thumb when choosing the right brush is to aim for middle of the range and go one better than you first thought.  

The pain of the price is nothing compared to fighting through the job with a bad brush.

3. Rollers
Quality of rollers is hard to guess and price isn't always the best guide.  There are some tips to point you in the right direction.

    BIG or little?
A full size roller (more than 200mm or 8inches wide) is great for covering a large area like a ceiling or an entire wall.  A big roller will hold more paint and cover a larger area faster at the expense of using more paint.  If you want to get away with a single coat this is the best tool for the job.  

While you're shopping, grab an extension handle to help reach the top of the wall while standing on the floor.

Small rollers are a brilliant and have become popular in recent years. After 'cutting-in' the edges with a small brush, a 100mm or 4 inch roller can be used to paint a boarder.  This makes rolling with a large roller much easier by reducing the risk of overpainting the adjacent wall or ceiling.

The other advantage of small rollers is they tend to make the paint go further. You can apply a thinner coat using a small roller because you can apply more pressure to a smaller area.  

Care must be taken though not to make the coat too thin or you may end up needing a third coat and another tin of paint.

    BRISTLE, SHAG, NAP, FOAM OR CASHMERE?
Small rollers come in a range of materials.  The guides on the packet give a good indication of the intended purpose.  For quick review consider the following points:
  • Long haired rollers are best for heavily textured walls, larger areas and matt finishes.
  • Short bristle rollers are best for smooth surfaces and/or high gloss finishes.
  • Foam rollers are virtually useless for painting walls - they hold very little paint.
TIP: Use a small roller once and discard it.  

Cleaning these rollers is always possible however it is more environmentally sound to use one and dispose of it.  This is especially true when using oil based paints.

Make sure you have prepared and masked all the areas to paint with the small roller in advance.  If you can use a wet-coat technique this saves on rollers and often one small roller is enough to finished the job.



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